Trayectorias educativas de las mujeres universitarias: efectos de los roles de género en el retorno al sistema educativo
Resumen
La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar el efecto diferenciado de la crianza en el ascenso educativo de mujeres y hombres profesionales conhijos. Se planteó como hipótesis que las mujeres profesionales que son madres relegan el desarrollo de estudios de postgrado debido a las actividades asociadasal rol de género asignado a la maternidad. Para su comprobación, a partir de datos de la Encuesta Multipropósito de Bogotá (EMB) 2014, se realizaronmodelos de regresión logística binarios simples con los factores explicativos asociados al cuidado de los hijos, al estado civil y a las condiciones económicas.Esto permitió para realizar un modelo final que integrara las variables significativas. Los resultados evidenciaron una mayor probabilidad de no realización de postgrados en las mujeres que tienen menor número de hijos que destinan mayor tiempo al cuidado y al trabajo y que tienen parejas que trabajan, parejas con nivel educativo igual o inferior a universitario y que destinan tiempo al cuidado de los hijos. En los hombres las variables más relevantes fueron la menor destinación de tiempo al cuidado de los hijos, el trabajar y tener mayor intensidad horaria en esta actividad, el tener ingresos medios y el mayor nivel de ingresos de la pareja. Los resultados sugieren que persiste la brecha de género relacionada a la crianza de los hijos, la cual refuerza mayor participación femenina en estas actividades, asumiendo los costes del conflicto de roles en el hogar, lo cual afecta las decisiones de retorno educativo.Descargas
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